Motions of Grace

Intersections of scripture and life

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“Till we have built Jerusalem”

The New Jerusalem from a 14th century tapestry | photo by Kimon Berlin, used by permission

I will not cease from Mental Fight,

Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand:

Till we have built Jerusalem,

In Englands green & pleasant Land.

William Blake speaks here of Jerusalem, but he clearly means the New Jerusalem spoken of in the book of Revelation. We can and will, he says, create a maximally just and peaceful society in human history, within space and time – in England, to be precise. By the late 19th century, the Inevitability of Progress had become a popular idea in the West in both secular and Christian circles (the latter expressed this idea as “postmillennialism,” i.e., the doctrine that Jesus will come back after we’ve fixed the world).

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La Sagrada Familia and loving our neighbors

La Sagrada Familia, by Kelly Latimore

This icon appeared on my Facebook feed a few days ago. It’s viscerally powerful and I’ve been thinking about it quite a bit since I first saw it. Ms. Latimore’s implicit message is that how we regard Central American refugees is how we regard Christ, who himself fled to a foreign country to escape violence (Matthew 2:13-15).

I later found this icon illustrating a post written by a Christian blogger who insisted that God wants our country to adopt essentially an open-border policy. But surely it’s not that simple, even if we accept the icon’s underlying message.

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Why working class whites don’t go to church

I’m honored to have the website Mockingbird publish a piece I recently wrote on the film Manchester by the Sea and what it has to teach the American church about one of its most pressing problems. You should check out more of their offerings while you’re on the site.

By way of disclaimer: Manchester is a superlatively beautiful film; it’s also a really hard one to watch. Being essentially an extended meditation on grief, it takes an unflinching look at people dealing with horrible things. Please exercise caution before watching. Also, for what it’s worth, the characters, uh, speak in the vernacular. 

Entrenched poverty, Deuteronomy, and working on unsolvable problems

 

Over the last two or three months, the churches in the town where I minister have seen a major uptick in calls for financial assistance. Some callers tell us that they’ve recently lost their jobs, but the majority are on disability insurance which, for whatever reason, isn’t enough to keep the lights on. On most days it feels like we’re pretty good at treating the symptoms of financial hardship (past-due rent and empty gas tanks) but powerless to get at the root cause (in this case, physical disablement).

To switch metaphors from the hospital to the battlefields of WWI, our churches are up against “entrenched” poverty, the kind that can’t be dislodged by a quick barrage of money. And in many places across the US and for all kinds of reasons, poverty has been digging in for generations. Some towns have never recovered after the local factory closed decades ago; some neighborhoods suffer the ongoing effects of the racist policies of the past. In St. Louis, where I live, sections of the northern part of the city look like they’ve been through a literal war. Whole blocks are abandoned, and once-venerable buildings collapse in on themselves, victims not of bombs but of long-term economic malaise.

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Misusing the Bible

It is those who would make a good showing in the flesh who would force you to be circumcised, and only in order that they may not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. – Galatians 6:12

Paul’s opponents in Galatia have since become known as the “judaizers.” They apparently held that since Jesus was the Jewish messiah, gentiles had to convert to Judaism and, more specifically, undergo circumcision in order to receive the salvation offered by Jesus.

Their position doesn’t seem outlandish. At the time it was far from clear what (if any) break the followers of Jesus had made or would make from Judaism. No one in this new movement doubted for a moment that the Hebrew Bible was authoritative.The apostles Peter and John continued to pray in the temple, as faithful Jews, even after Jesus’ resurrection (Acts 3:1). And Jesus himself had declared that he had come “only for the lost sheep of the house of Israel” (Matt 15:24). The judaizers may have been wrong, then, but surely they were honestly wrong?

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Embracing truth

I am … the truth” (John 14:6)

Our president, as everyone knows, generously applies the term “FAKE NEWS” to stories and even entire news outlets. In a tweet last month, he helpfully defined “fake news” to mean not “reporting that is factually incorrect,” but rather “reporting that is negative” towards his presidency.

I actually appreciate this. Everyone tends to discount or disregard unfavorable truths, but not very many people have the candor to admit that this is in fact what they’re doing. The president understands that the categories “I don’t like this” and “This is false” are distinct but difficult to keep distinct. Our minds constantly transmute the former into the latter.

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Be not overly righteous

There is a rabbinic tradition that Saul protested when God instructed him to exterminate the Amalekites (the biblical account is found in 1 Samuel 15). First, the king pointed out, Torah requires a purification rite in the case of even one murder; one can only imagine what it would say about a genocide. Moreover, the king continued, for what purpose were the women and children, and the animals for that matter, supposed to die? A response came in the form of a voice from heaven: “Be not overly righteous.”

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On Christian moral unimpressiveness

George Orwell, 1943

In a fascinating essay published in 1937, George Orwell lamented that the British socialist movement shared a problem with Christianity: its adherents made the doctrine unattractive to the general public. On Orwell’s telling, middle-class British socialists glorified the working class while loathing actual working class people. They pontificated on the necessity of smashing the bourgeoisie while clinging, almost desperately, to bourgeois values over and against the uncouth masses they were theoretically trying to liberate. Worse still, British socialism attracted all kinds of cranks (Orwell mentions pacifists, vegetarians, and men with beards) who made socialism an object of derision to mainstream society.

Orwell thought this supremely tragic, since in his view socialism was the only real option to lift millions of British people out of poverty and despair (in 1937 the end of the Great Depression was nowhere in sight). But he emphasizes, I think rightly, that there is no logical connection between the propositions “Socialists are mostly snobs and weirdos” and “Socialism is a failed economic system.” Socialism is the kind of thing that can be valid even if most of its adherents are not particularly appealing people.

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Evangelicals and poverty

Last year the Washington Post conducted a poll asking the question, “Does poverty result more often from lack of effort on an individual’s part, or from circumstances beyond that individual’s control?” The Post found that Christians are twice as likely as non-Christians to blame poverty on lack of effort. For every non-religious person who believes that the poor are primarily responsible for their condition, you can find three white evangelicals who agree.

This is not shocking. White evangelicals tend to emphasize the role of individual responsibility. And there is solid Scriptural support for this attitude: “The one who is unwilling to work shall not eat,” wrote the Apostle Paul, words John Smith quoted* at Jamestown as he set his group of loitering noblemen to plow the fields. Proverbs exhorts the sluggard to observe the ant, and warns him of the poverty that will result from his apathy. Later Christian tradition numbered “sloth” among the seven deadly sins.

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The Word became flesh

“The Annunciation” by Fra Angelico (painted between 1437 – 46).

In 1842, Charles Dickens spent the night at the Mermaid House Hotel in Lebanon, Illinois, on his way back from Saint Louis. According to legend, it was while staying in the Mermaid House that he received inspiration for A Christmas Carol. This is almost certainly untrue, but Dickens did mention the inn favorably in his travel journal, one of the very few positive comments he was to make about anything he found in the United States.

One hundred and seventy five years later, Lebanon celebrates an annual Dickens festival as well as a Victorian-themed Christmas celebration in honor of that greatest of the Victorian writers. You can also buy a t-shirt imprinted with the likeness of the author and the phrase, “What the Dickens?”, a phrase I happen to use quite a bit for some inexplicable reason.*

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